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"rras ric ARTIFICIAL LEATHER 7 i were I v COMPOSITION PauLHenriPerrinyflhatouhand Gaston Hubert Vulliet-Durand, Paris, France; saidVulliet Durand assignor to said Perrin No Drawing, Application March 12,1931, Serial No. 522,154. In France March 20, 1930 The present-inventionrelates to artificial products-imitating leather, skins, parchment andlike materialgof animal or vegetableorigin, and possessingqualiticswliich are much superior to those of the artificial leathershitherto produced.

7 The imitation leathers nowsold in the market are manufactured byimpregnating textile fab- .rics, or agglomerating leatherpowder,obtained .by grinding waste leather, said products being thereaftervarnished and given-a suitable grain.

.The agglomerated leather powder products are those whose qualities comethe nearest to natural leathenbuti they offer serious defects, andchiefly the following: a i

- l--Their strength is relatively small, and in particular, they willtear at the'seams;

,2'They are not sufficiently flexible to allow their use in themanufacture of fancy leather 3'-They are of thin sheets.

The present invention has for its object to obviate the defects abovespecified and to impart to such products the qualities which they lack,and chiefly an unusual strength and a remarkable flexibility, by addingto the raw matenotadapted for the manufacture rial a substance calledkonniyakuko or konimanufacture of imitation leather in the strict senseof the word, but it covers all artificial products similar to leather,skins, or like material, either by their appearance or by theircomposition, such products having in all cases the two essentialqualities of natural leather, that is a great strength and a goodflexibility, and this to a variable degree, which may equal or evenexceed that of natural leather or like substances.

The composition of matter to which the koniaim is added may varyconsiderably, and certain examples will be further given, but whateverbe the composition adopted, experience has shown that the koniakuconfers upon the result? ing artificial product an extraordinarystrength,

so that the seams cannot practically be torn, as well as a flexibilitycomparable'with that of the skins employed in fancy leather work.Furthermore, the products containing koniaku may be 10 Claims. (Cl.106--39) manufactured in thin sheets, and may be subjected to thevarious usual treatments of natural leather, such as tanning, graining,dyeing, colouring, embossing, etc.

The raw material forming the body or the base of the final product maybe of any kind, and it powdered material (such as powdered cotton, wood,peat etc): It may be advantageous to use the powder obtained from wastenatural leather or other material commonlyemployed in the manufacture ofartificial leather.

The base may also consist of a fabric or netting formed of fibres,threads, etc., which are naturally or artificially arranged orinterwoven in a more or less regular manner.

Broadly, the nature and texture of the base or body can be varied withinwide limits, according to the abundance and the price of the rawmaterial at hand, and to all other conditions, as will be recognized bythose skilled in the art.

The composition containing the base or body and koniaku may also containother elements, (adapted to make the material insoluble, impermeable, orflexible). Among these, tannin may be mentioned as a typical example ofa material effective in rendering the material insoluble, and glycerin,starch syrup and other hygroscopic substances as softeners.

' Sheets of artificial leather of suitable thickness may be directlyobtained from the aforesaid composition, generally in the form of apaste, by a simple drying. The treatment may also be carried out bycalendering, rolling, moulding, spinning, or the like.

Another method consists in coating or impregnating a solid base or bodywith a composition containing koniaku, either alone or mixed with othersubstances. This method is chiefly used for the impregnation of textilefabrics, sheets of paper, etc. at atmospheric pressure or under asuitable pressure, or with the alternate application of vacuum andpressure, as is usually em played in impregnation processes.

Sheets of artificial leather can also be produced by superposing sheetsof paper (such as unsized paper, tissue paper, etc.) or textile fabricor the like, between which are interposed ,The base or body may further.consist of .a

.25 I ficialproducts obtained by synthesisywho'se' coin positicnisessentially the same; as that yof-natural V m a ugiyen solely by way of.example, as it is imposinert 6f a paste or coating-consisting chieflyof.

koniaku, and containing eventually-fibre or the The resulting sheets canthen be subjected to any desired treatment, such as v taming, .graining.

dyeing, embossing, etc."

o A composition which has given yaluable 'results is givenbelow by wayof example:

Obviously, the invention not pnlylcontemplates the use of naturalkoniaku, but also ofaall arti sible to specify all thedifierentsubstances which .areavailable for use,v butkexperience-hasshown that in allcases the. addition of koniaku confers. upon theartificial productsuch qualities (chiefly the strength andflexibilityjithat. it may enter into competition with naturalleatherfskins, and similar natural substances, uiny their difierentfields'of use. Q

ent is:

' iii. ,3. A composition-f matter for use in the manufacture ofartificial leather and the like which 1. w v. y contains koniaku,tannin,-and wood pulp. This... composition can be mixed with a fibrousbase or body jof'any kind, ofthetype above indi catedyor it may serve tocoat or impregnate a base or body, or it maybe interposed betweenf basesheets, as already explained. 5; way of qexamplathe weight of theabove-mentioned come position may be 6 jtim es the weight of the-baseLorbOdy. 7

-ufactureoi. artificial leather and the like which containskoniakmtannin, and a fabric.

8. A composition In like manner, the .aforesaid compositions: are

" Having now described our invention what we claim as'new and desire tosecure by Letters Pat- 1; A composition of matterfor usein themanufacture of artificial leather and the like which contains koniakutannin, and a;fibrous base.

, 12; A composition of matter foruse in the man ufacture of: artificialleather and the like which contains koniaku and tannin. I

. :contains' koniaku. tannin, and glycerin. 1

4; A composition of matter for use in the manufacture ofartificialleather and the like which -ufacture of artificial leather andthe like which contains 'koniaku, tannin, and vegetal fibres.

6. AjcoI'nposition of matter for use in the man- 7. n artificial productimitating leather which comprises superposed base sheets united togetherby 1 means: of

a composition containing koniaku and tannin. I

' of matter for use in the inanufactureof artificialieather and the likewhich contains koniaku, tannin, and a powdered base.

ufacture of artificial leather andthe like which contains koniaku,tannin',-fandppowdered leather. 7 10. A composition of matter for use inthe manufacture of artificial leather and the dike whichcontainskoniakju. tannin, and cottompowder.

i PAULH'ENRI'PEBRIN. 3

" GAsTonHoBERnvi mmET-DUnANn. 11

9. A composition of matter for usexinthe man- 30

